All your numbers assume the 8,511 number is accurate. It isn't. 8,511 is flu/pneumonia deaths in 2018. Flu/pneumonia deaths have been tracked forever. It's very easy to diagnose severe cases of pneumonia with a CT scan. Pneumonia is a common secondary infection after getting the flu, cold (or COVID). A couple of my relatives have died of pneumonia. Most Canadians were not even aware that the flu and common cold were still killing people after all this time.